The design and maintenance of septic tanks play a critical role in ensuring effective wastewater management, yet several common issues undermine their functionality.

1) Design of septic tank:

One prevalent issue is the under-capacity of septic tanks in many households, which leads to frequent overflow and blockage. This problem often arises due to inadequate sizing of tanks

2) Overuse:

Another challenge stems from overuse, particularly in community settings where the footfall of people exceeds the tank's intended capacity. This heavy usage accelerates the deterioration of the tank, shortening its lifespan and necessitating premature maintenance or replacement.

3) Aging of pipes:

Additionally, the aging of pipes poses a significant concern. Poor-quality materials or the accumulation of sludge within pipes over time can lead to corrosion and damage, compromising the entire system's integrity.

4) Flushing non-degradable items:

The improper disposal of non-biodegradable items compounds these issues. Plastics, glass, paper, and sanitary products frequently find their way into septic systems, causing clogs and disruptions to normal functioning.

5) Excessive use of chemicals:

Furthermore, the excessive use of chemical cleaners poses a threat to septic tank health. Harsh chemicals not only deteriorate the tank's structure but also disrupt the natural biological processes essential for wastewater treatment.